Chromosome Aberrations in Persons Professionally Exposed to Ionizing Radiation Effects

Modern radiation cytogenetics has adopted the principle that DNA molecule as an essential biological substrate is the most important target of ionizing radiation. This action may result in delicate lesions of the hereditary material that may be manifested in the form of structural chromosomal aberrations. This study present results of years of cytogenetic studies of chromosomal aberrations in individuals occupationally exposed to action of ionizing radiation (684 subjects). In the period 1995-1996 the incidence of chromosomal aberrations was increased in individuals working in nuclear medicine, reaching 19.10%-10.90%.The major increase of the incidence of chromosomal aberrations was noted in 1997-1998 in radiologists and x-ray technicians, reaching the level of 23.52%-19.64%.Chromosomal aberrations such as dyscentrics, ring chromosomes and acentric fragments were noted. Occupational exposure was particularly delicate due to chronic exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation when, due to cumulative action of radiation it is very important to get insight into the biological response of an organism to the given exposure conditions.